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CBDC Source Booklet:
Regulatory and policy developments

2025 Edition


Digital payments, digital money,  deposit tokens, & central bank digital currencies (CBDCs)
1. Research conducted by individuals, companies, associations and universities
1.1. January
1.1.1. International
1.2. February
1.2.1. International
1.2.2. Europe
1.2.2.1. European Union
1.3. March
1.3.1. International
1.3.2. Europe
1.3.2.1. European Union
1.3.3. North America
1.3.3.1. Canada
1.4. April
1.4.1. International
1.5. June
1.5.1. Europe
1.5.1.1. European Union
1.6. July
1.6.1. International
1.6.2. Europe
1.6.2.1. European Union
2. Reports, guidelines, recommendations and other documents published by regulatory and supervisory authorities, international organizations, and other public institutions and agencies
2.1.    January
2.1.1. International
2.1.2. Europe
2.1.2.1. European Union
2.1.3. North America
2.1.3.1. Canada
2.2. March
2.2.1. International
2.2.2. Europe
2.2.2.1. European Union
2.3. April
2.3.1. International
2.3.2. Europe
2.3.2.1. Netherlands
2.3.3. North America
2.3.3.1. United States of America
2.4. May
2.4.1. International
2.5. June
2.5.1. International
2.5.2. Europe
2.5.2.1. European Union
2.5.3. North America
2.5.3.1. Canada
2.6. July
2.6.1. Europe
2.6.1.1. United Kingdom
2.6.2. Asia
2.6.2.1. United Arab Emirates
2.6.2.2. Malaysia
2.6.2.3. Japan
2.7. August
2.7.1. International
2.8. September
2.8.1. International
2.8.2. Europe
2.8.2.1. European Union
2.8.2.2. Switzerland
2.9. October
2.9.1. International
2.9.2. Europe
2.9.2.1. European Union

  • Ipsos, ECB Digital Euro User Research, European Public Affairs, October 2025, accessible here

2.9.3. Asia
2.9.3.1. Hong Kong
2.10. November
2.10.1. International
2.10.2. Europe
2.10.2.1. European Union

2.10.2.2. United Kingdom

  • Bank of England, The role of holding limits for sterling-denominated systemic stablecoins and a potential digital pound, November 2025, accessible here;

2.11. December
2.11.1. International

  • Tansaya Kunaratskul et al., Central Bank Exploration of Tokenized Reserves, International Monetary Fund (IMF), December 2025, accessible here;

2.11.2. Europe

2.11.2.1. European Union

  • Dimitris Georgarakos et al., The digital euro: awareness, adoption and household portfolios, European Central Bank (ECB), Research Bulletin no. 138, December 2025, accessible here

3. Legislations, regulations, & other legislative instruments
3.1. January
3.1.1. Europe
3.1.1.1. European Union
3.2. March
3.2.1. North America
3.2.1.1. United States of America
3.3. November
3.3.1. Europe
3.3.1.1. European Union

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